Hot-desking reduces the desk-to-employee ratio to lower real estate costs. Agile workspace design changes the mix of space types to improve performance for different work activities. Hot-desking without purpose-differentiated space typically reduces satisfaction. Agile workspace design with well-calibrated zone mix and appropriate enclosed space provision typically improves it. A 2018 Global Workplace Analytics study showed a 20% increase in employee satisfaction in agile workspaces.