The most effective practice is a shared action tracking document — not buried in meeting notes, but maintained in a project management or collaboration tool where ownership and deadlines are visible to all relevant parties without requiring them to search through minutes. Each action item should be a named task with a single owner, a specific deadline, and a brief statement of the expected output. At the start of the next relevant meeting, the first agenda item should be a brief review of open action items — confirming completion, identifying blockers, and updating deadlines where necessary.